Multi-touch
Multi-touch screen
On touchscreen displays, multi-touch refers to
the ability to simultaneously register three or
more distinct positions of input touches. It is
often used to describe other, more limited
implementations, like Gesture-Enhanced Single-
Touch, Dual-Touch or real Multi-Touch.
The interaction of touch and movement on
surfaces is a function on electronic visual displays
and touchpad pointing devices to interact with
content. It is an intermediary connection and
detection method from hardware to computer
software, to enact a users intention.
Implementations
Multi-touch has been implemented in several
different ways, depending on the size and type of
interface. The most popular form are mobile
devices ( iPhone, iPod Touch), touchtables
(Microsoft Surface) and walls. Both touchtables
and touch walls project an image through acrylic
or glass, and then back-light the image with LEDs.
Types
Bending Wave Touch
Dispersive Signal Touch (DST)
In-Cell
Infrared Touch (IR)
Optical touch technology
Near Field Imaging (NFI)
Optical Imaging
Projected Capacitive Touch (PST)
Resistive Touch
Surface Acoustic Wave Touch (SAW)
Surface Capacitive Touch
The optical touch technology functions when a
finger or an object touches the surface, causing
the light to scatter, the reflection is caught with
sensors or cameras that send the data to software
which dictates response to the touch, depending
on the type of reflection measured. Touch
surfaces can also be made pressure-sensitive by
the addition of a pressure-sensitive coating that
flexes differently depending on how firmly it is
pressed, altering the reflection. Handheld
technologies use a panel that carries an electrical
charge. When a finger touches the screen, the
touch disrupts the panel's electrical field. The
disruption is registered and sent to the software,
which then initiates a response to the gesture.
In the past few years, several companies have
released products that use multi-touch. In an
attempt to make the expensive technology more
accessible, hobbyists have also published
methods of constructing DIY touchscreens.
History
The use of touchscreen technology to control
electronic devices pre-dates multi-touch
technology and the personal computer. Early
synthesizer and electronic instrument builders
like Hugh Le Caine and Bob Moog experimented
with using touch-sensitive capacitance sensors to
control the sounds made by their instruments.
IBM began building the first touch screens in the
late 1960s, and, in 1972, Control Data released the
PLATO IV computer, a terminal used for
educational purposes that employed single-touch
points in a 16x16 array as its user interface.
The prototypes of the x-y mutual capacitance
multi-touch screens (left) developed at CERN
One of the early implementations of mutual
capacitance touchscreen technology was
developed at CERN in 1977 based on their
capacitance touch screens developed in 1972 by
Danish electronics engineer Bent Stumpe. This
technology was used to develop a new type of
human machine interface (HMI) for the control
room of the Super Proton Synchrotron particle
accelerator.
In a handwritten note dated 11 March 1972,
Stumpe presented his proposed solution – a
capacitative touch screen with a fixed number of
programmable buttons presented on a display.
The screen was to consist of a set of capacitors
etched into a film of copper on a sheet of glass,
each capacitor being constructed so that a nearby
flat conductor, such as the surface of a finger,
would increase the capacity by a significant
amount. The capacitors were to consist of fine
lines etched in copper on a sheet of glass – fine
enough (80 μm) and sufficiently far apart (80 μm)
to be invisible (CERN Courier April 1974 p117). In
the final device, a simple lacquer coating
prevented the fingers from actually touching the
capacitors.
Multi-touch technology began in 1982, when the
University of Toronto's Input Research Group
developed the first human-input multi-touch
system. The system used a frosted-glass panel
with a camera placed behind the glass. When a
finger or several fingers pressed on the glass, the
camera would detect the action as one or more
black spots on an otherwise white background,
allowing it to be registered as an input. Since the
size of a dot was dependent on pressure (how
hard the person was pressing on the glass), the
system was somewhat pressure-sensitive as well.
In 1983, Bell Labs at Murray Hill published a
comprehensive discussion of touch-screen based
interfaces. In 1984, Bell Labs engineered a
touch screen that could change images with more
than one hand. In 1985, the University of Toronto
group including Bill Buxton developed a multi-
touch tablet that used capacitance rather than
bulky camera-based optical sensing systems.
A breakthrough occurred in 1991, when Pierre
Wellner published a paper on his multi-touch
“ Digital Desk”, which supported multi-finger and
pinching motions.
Various companies expanded upon these
inventions in the beginning of the twenty-first
century. The company Fingerworks developed
various multi-touch technologies between 2001
and 2005, including Touchstream keyboards and
the iGesture Pad. Several studies of this
technology were published in the early 2000s by
Alan Hedge, professor of human factors and
ergonomics at Cornell University.
Apple acquired Fingerworks and its multi-touch
technology in 2005. Mainstream exposure to
multi-touch technology occurred in 2007 when
the iPhone gained popularity, with Apple stating
they 'invented multi touch' as part of the iPhone
announcement, however both the function
and the term predate the announcement or
patent requests. Publication and demonstration
using the term Multi-touch by Jefferson Y. Han in
2005 predates these,[16] but Apple did give multi-
touch wider exposure through its association with
their new product and were the first to introduce
multi-touch on a mobile device. Microsoft's
table-top touch platform Microsoft Surface, which
started development in 2001, interacts with both
the users touch and their electronic devices.
Similarly, in 2001, Mitsubishi Electric Research
Laboratories (MERL) began development of a
multi-touch, multi-user system called
DiamondTouch, also based on capacitance but
able to differentiate between multiple
simultaneous users (or rather, the chairs in which
each user is seated or the floorpad the user is
standing on); the Diamondtouch became a
commercial product in 2008.
Small-scale touch devices are rapidly becoming
commonplace, with the amount of touch screen
telephones expected to increase from 200,000
shipped in 2006 to 21 million in 2012. More
robust and customizable multi-touch and gesture-
based solutions are beginning to become
available, with interfaces that register multiple
touch points and gestures.
Brands and manufacturers
A virtual keyboard on an iPad
There have been large companies in recent years
that have expanded into the growing multi-touch
industry, with systems designed for everything
from the casual user to multinational
organizations.
Laptop manufacturers have begun to include
multi-touch trackpads on their laptops, as well as
constructing tablet computers such as the iPad
that respond to touch input rather than
traditional stylus input. Synaptics has been a
major supplier and developer of multi-touch
technology for this market.
In the wake of the iPhone, several mobile phone
manufacturers have begun to replace traditional
push-button interfaces with multi-touch
interfaces on their handheld devices as well. So
far, such innovations are mostly restricted to the
higher-end smartphones used for web browsing
and computing in addition to phone-based
functions.
A few companies are focusing on large-scale
surface computing rather than personal
electronics, either large multi-touch tables or wall
surfaces. These systems are generally used by
government organizations, museums, and
companies as a means of information or exhibit
display.
Apple Inc. is the active holder of the trade mark
"Multi-touch" and is the final stages of getting
registration, and, correspondingly, lists
"Multi-Touch" on their page of trademarks.
Apple was also awarded a patent covering multi-
touch on 20 January 2009.
Software
Operating systems
Many recent operating systems support multi-
touch, including Mac OS X, Windows 7 and
Ubuntu (full support since version 10.10, partial
support in 10.04), Apple's iOS, Nokia's Symbian ^3
OS on the flagship model Nokia N8 & the Nokia
E7, Samsung's Bada, Google's Android, Palm's
webOS, Microsoft's Windows Phone 7, BlackBerry
OS 5.0 (on Storm models) and 6.0, Xandros.
Applications develop and design for
multitouch :
Microsoft Touch Pack for Windows 7:
Microsoft Blackboard is a physics puzzle game.
Microsoft Garden Pond is a game where you
move fish by tapping on the water.
Microsoft Rebound is a cool two-player ball
game. Reminds of flipper.
Microsoft Surface Collage lets you create a
collage of pictures by dragging, resizing and
rotating them on a canvas. The collage can then
be saved as a picture and be set as the
background.
Microsoft Surface Globe is Bing Maps 3D
(Virtual Earth 3D), but with multitouch input.
Microsoft Surface Lagoon is a screensaver that
lets you tap on the water to scare the fish.
Windows 7 built-in:
Panning is enabled “everywhere” where
scrollbars exist.
Paint support multi touch finger painting.
Hearts/Solitaire have been optimized for
multitouch.
Taskbar Jump Lists by dragging the icons
upwards.
Optimisation for multitouch in Windows Photo
Viewer and XPS Viewer and Windows Live
Photo Gallery
On-Screen Keyboard works with multitouch.
Internet Explorer 8 supports basic gestures
Other
EarthPlusPlus (Multitouch Google Earth)
Marine route navigation
BumpTop 3D Desktop
Fishbowl- offline Facebook from Microsoft.
Crazy Coins is an ATM that spits out money to
be collected by piggy banks
Firefox Browser with basic gestures support
(beginning with version Firefox 4)
Popular culture references
Pop culture has also portrayed potential uses of
multi-touch technology in the future, including
several installments of the Star Trek franchise.
The television series CSI: Miami introduced both
surface and wall multi-touch displays in its sixth
season. Another television series, NCIS: Los
Angeles make use of multitouch surfaces and wall
panels as an initiative to go digital. Another form
of a multi-touch computer was seen in the motion
picture, The Island, where the professor, played
by Sean Bean, has a multi-touch desktop to
organize files, based on an early version of
Microsoft Surface. Multitouch technology can
also be seen in the James Bond film, Quantum of
Solace, where MI6 uses a touch interface to
browse information about the criminal Dominic
Greene. In an episode of the popular TV series
The Simpsons, when Lisa Simpson travels to the
underwater headquarters of Apple Inc. to visit
Steve Jobs, the erstwhile pretender to the throne
of Mapple is shown to be performing multiple
multi-touch hand gestures on a large touch wall.
A device similar to the Surface was seen in the
1982 movie Tron. It took up an executive's entire
desk and was used to communicate with the
Master Control computer.
Saturday, April 30, 2011
Multi Touch Technology; The Birth
Multi-touch
Multi-touch screen
On touchscreen displays, multi-touch refers to
the ability to simultaneously register three or
more distinct positions of input touches. It is
often used to describe other, more limited
implementations, like Gesture-Enhanced Single-
Touch, Dual-Touch or real Multi-Touch.
The interaction of touch and movement on
surfaces is a function on electronic visual displays
and touchpad pointing devices to interact with
content. It is an intermediary connection and
detection method from hardware to computer
software, to enact a users intention.
Implementations
Multi-touch has been implemented in several
different ways, depending on the size and type of
interface. The most popular form are mobile
devices ( iPhone, iPod Touch), touchtables
(Microsoft Surface) and walls. Both touchtables
and touch walls project an image through acrylic
or glass, and then back-light the image with LEDs.
Types
Bending Wave Touch
Dispersive Signal Touch (DST)
In-Cell
Infrared Touch (IR)
Optical touch technology
Near Field Imaging (NFI)
Optical Imaging
Projected Capacitive Touch (PST)
Resistive Touch
Surface Acoustic Wave Touch (SAW)
Surface Capacitive Touch
The optical touch technology functions when a
finger or an object touches the surface, causing
the light to scatter, the reflection is caught with
sensors or cameras that send the data to software
which dictates response to the touch, depending
on the type of reflection measured. Touch
surfaces can also be made pressure-sensitive by
the addition of a pressure-sensitive coating that
flexes differently depending on how firmly it is
pressed, altering the reflection. Handheld
technologies use a panel that carries an electrical
charge. When a finger touches the screen, the
touch disrupts the panel's electrical field. The
disruption is registered and sent to the software,
which then initiates a response to the gesture.
In the past few years, several companies have
released products that use multi-touch. In an
attempt to make the expensive technology more
accessible, hobbyists have also published
methods of constructing DIY touchscreens.
History
The use of touchscreen technology to control
electronic devices pre-dates multi-touch
technology and the personal computer. Early
synthesizer and electronic instrument builders
like Hugh Le Caine and Bob Moog experimented
with using touch-sensitive capacitance sensors to
control the sounds made by their instruments.
IBM began building the first touch screens in the
late 1960s, and, in 1972, Control Data released the
PLATO IV computer, a terminal used for
educational purposes that employed single-touch
points in a 16x16 array as its user interface.
The prototypes of the x-y mutual capacitance
multi-touch screens (left) developed at CERN
One of the early implementations of mutual
capacitance touchscreen technology was
developed at CERN in 1977 based on their
capacitance touch screens developed in 1972 by
Danish electronics engineer Bent Stumpe. This
technology was used to develop a new type of
human machine interface (HMI) for the control
room of the Super Proton Synchrotron particle
accelerator.
In a handwritten note dated 11 March 1972,
Stumpe presented his proposed solution – a
capacitative touch screen with a fixed number of
programmable buttons presented on a display.
The screen was to consist of a set of capacitors
etched into a film of copper on a sheet of glass,
each capacitor being constructed so that a nearby
flat conductor, such as the surface of a finger,
would increase the capacity by a significant
amount. The capacitors were to consist of fine
lines etched in copper on a sheet of glass – fine
enough (80 μm) and sufficiently far apart (80 μm)
to be invisible (CERN Courier April 1974 p117). In
the final device, a simple lacquer coating
prevented the fingers from actually touching the
capacitors.
Multi-touch technology began in 1982, when the
University of Toronto's Input Research Group
developed the first human-input multi-touch
system. The system used a frosted-glass panel
with a camera placed behind the glass. When a
finger or several fingers pressed on the glass, the
camera would detect the action as one or more
black spots on an otherwise white background,
allowing it to be registered as an input. Since the
size of a dot was dependent on pressure (how
hard the person was pressing on the glass), the
system was somewhat pressure-sensitive as well.
In 1983, Bell Labs at Murray Hill published a
comprehensive discussion of touch-screen based
interfaces. In 1984, Bell Labs engineered a
touch screen that could change images with more
than one hand. In 1985, the University of Toronto
group including Bill Buxton developed a multi-
touch tablet that used capacitance rather than
bulky camera-based optical sensing systems.
A breakthrough occurred in 1991, when Pierre
Wellner published a paper on his multi-touch
“ Digital Desk”, which supported multi-finger and
pinching motions.
Various companies expanded upon these
inventions in the beginning of the twenty-first
century. The company Fingerworks developed
various multi-touch technologies between 2001
and 2005, including Touchstream keyboards and
the iGesture Pad. Several studies of this
technology were published in the early 2000s by
Alan Hedge, professor of human factors and
ergonomics at Cornell University.
Apple acquired Fingerworks and its multi-touch
technology in 2005. Mainstream exposure to
multi-touch technology occurred in 2007 when
the iPhone gained popularity, with Apple stating
they 'invented multi touch' as part of the iPhone
announcement, however both the function
and the term predate the announcement or
patent requests. Publication and demonstration
using the term Multi-touch by Jefferson Y. Han in
2005 predates these,[16] but Apple did give multi-
touch wider exposure through its association with
their new product and were the first to introduce
multi-touch on a mobile device. Microsoft's
table-top touch platform Microsoft Surface, which
started development in 2001, interacts with both
the users touch and their electronic devices.
Similarly, in 2001, Mitsubishi Electric Research
Laboratories (MERL) began development of a
multi-touch, multi-user system called
DiamondTouch, also based on capacitance but
able to differentiate between multiple
simultaneous users (or rather, the chairs in which
each user is seated or the floorpad the user is
standing on); the Diamondtouch became a
commercial product in 2008.
Small-scale touch devices are rapidly becoming
commonplace, with the amount of touch screen
telephones expected to increase from 200,000
shipped in 2006 to 21 million in 2012. More
robust and customizable multi-touch and gesture-
based solutions are beginning to become
available, with interfaces that register multiple
touch points and gestures.
Brands and manufacturers
A virtual keyboard on an iPad
There have been large companies in recent years
that have expanded into the growing multi-touch
industry, with systems designed for everything
from the casual user to multinational
organizations.
Laptop manufacturers have begun to include
multi-touch trackpads on their laptops, as well as
constructing tablet computers such as the iPad
that respond to touch input rather than
traditional stylus input. Synaptics has been a
major supplier and developer of multi-touch
technology for this market.
In the wake of the iPhone, several mobile phone
manufacturers have begun to replace traditional
push-button interfaces with multi-touch
interfaces on their handheld devices as well. So
far, such innovations are mostly restricted to the
higher-end smartphones used for web browsing
and computing in addition to phone-based
functions.
A few companies are focusing on large-scale
surface computing rather than personal
electronics, either large multi-touch tables or wall
surfaces. These systems are generally used by
government organizations, museums, and
companies as a means of information or exhibit
display.
Apple Inc. is the active holder of the trade mark
"Multi-touch" and is the final stages of getting
registration, and, correspondingly, lists
"Multi-Touch" on their page of trademarks.
Apple was also awarded a patent covering multi-
touch on 20 January 2009.
Software
Operating systems
Many recent operating systems support multi-
touch, including Mac OS X, Windows 7 and
Ubuntu (full support since version 10.10, partial
support in 10.04), Apple's iOS, Nokia's Symbian ^3
OS on the flagship model Nokia N8 & the Nokia
E7, Samsung's Bada, Google's Android, Palm's
webOS, Microsoft's Windows Phone 7, BlackBerry
OS 5.0 (on Storm models) and 6.0, Xandros.
Applications develop and design for
multitouch :
Microsoft Touch Pack for Windows 7:
Microsoft Blackboard is a physics puzzle game.
Microsoft Garden Pond is a game where you
move fish by tapping on the water.
Microsoft Rebound is a cool two-player ball
game. Reminds of flipper.
Microsoft Surface Collage lets you create a
collage of pictures by dragging, resizing and
rotating them on a canvas. The collage can then
be saved as a picture and be set as the
background.
Microsoft Surface Globe is Bing Maps 3D
(Virtual Earth 3D), but with multitouch input.
Microsoft Surface Lagoon is a screensaver that
lets you tap on the water to scare the fish.
Windows 7 built-in:
Panning is enabled “everywhere” where
scrollbars exist.
Paint support multi touch finger painting.
Hearts/Solitaire have been optimized for
multitouch.
Taskbar Jump Lists by dragging the icons
upwards.
Optimisation for multitouch in Windows Photo
Viewer and XPS Viewer and Windows Live
Photo Gallery
On-Screen Keyboard works with multitouch.
Internet Explorer 8 supports basic gestures
Other
EarthPlusPlus (Multitouch Google Earth)
Marine route navigation
BumpTop 3D Desktop
Fishbowl- offline Facebook from Microsoft.
Crazy Coins is an ATM that spits out money to
be collected by piggy banks
Firefox Browser with basic gestures support
(beginning with version Firefox 4)
Popular culture references
Pop culture has also portrayed potential uses of
multi-touch technology in the future, including
several installments of the Star Trek franchise.
The television series CSI: Miami introduced both
surface and wall multi-touch displays in its sixth
season. Another television series, NCIS: Los
Angeles make use of multitouch surfaces and wall
panels as an initiative to go digital. Another form
of a multi-touch computer was seen in the motion
picture, The Island, where the professor, played
by Sean Bean, has a multi-touch desktop to
organize files, based on an early version of
Microsoft Surface. Multitouch technology can
also be seen in the James Bond film, Quantum of
Solace, where MI6 uses a touch interface to
browse information about the criminal Dominic
Greene. In an episode of the popular TV series
The Simpsons, when Lisa Simpson travels to the
underwater headquarters of Apple Inc. to visit
Steve Jobs, the erstwhile pretender to the throne
of Mapple is shown to be performing multiple
multi-touch hand gestures on a large touch wall.
A device similar to the Surface was seen in the
1982 movie Tron. It took up an executive's entire
desk and was used to communicate with the
Master Control computer.
Multi-touch screen
On touchscreen displays, multi-touch refers to
the ability to simultaneously register three or
more distinct positions of input touches. It is
often used to describe other, more limited
implementations, like Gesture-Enhanced Single-
Touch, Dual-Touch or real Multi-Touch.
The interaction of touch and movement on
surfaces is a function on electronic visual displays
and touchpad pointing devices to interact with
content. It is an intermediary connection and
detection method from hardware to computer
software, to enact a users intention.
Implementations
Multi-touch has been implemented in several
different ways, depending on the size and type of
interface. The most popular form are mobile
devices ( iPhone, iPod Touch), touchtables
(Microsoft Surface) and walls. Both touchtables
and touch walls project an image through acrylic
or glass, and then back-light the image with LEDs.
Types
Bending Wave Touch
Dispersive Signal Touch (DST)
In-Cell
Infrared Touch (IR)
Optical touch technology
Near Field Imaging (NFI)
Optical Imaging
Projected Capacitive Touch (PST)
Resistive Touch
Surface Acoustic Wave Touch (SAW)
Surface Capacitive Touch
The optical touch technology functions when a
finger or an object touches the surface, causing
the light to scatter, the reflection is caught with
sensors or cameras that send the data to software
which dictates response to the touch, depending
on the type of reflection measured. Touch
surfaces can also be made pressure-sensitive by
the addition of a pressure-sensitive coating that
flexes differently depending on how firmly it is
pressed, altering the reflection. Handheld
technologies use a panel that carries an electrical
charge. When a finger touches the screen, the
touch disrupts the panel's electrical field. The
disruption is registered and sent to the software,
which then initiates a response to the gesture.
In the past few years, several companies have
released products that use multi-touch. In an
attempt to make the expensive technology more
accessible, hobbyists have also published
methods of constructing DIY touchscreens.
History
The use of touchscreen technology to control
electronic devices pre-dates multi-touch
technology and the personal computer. Early
synthesizer and electronic instrument builders
like Hugh Le Caine and Bob Moog experimented
with using touch-sensitive capacitance sensors to
control the sounds made by their instruments.
IBM began building the first touch screens in the
late 1960s, and, in 1972, Control Data released the
PLATO IV computer, a terminal used for
educational purposes that employed single-touch
points in a 16x16 array as its user interface.
The prototypes of the x-y mutual capacitance
multi-touch screens (left) developed at CERN
One of the early implementations of mutual
capacitance touchscreen technology was
developed at CERN in 1977 based on their
capacitance touch screens developed in 1972 by
Danish electronics engineer Bent Stumpe. This
technology was used to develop a new type of
human machine interface (HMI) for the control
room of the Super Proton Synchrotron particle
accelerator.
In a handwritten note dated 11 March 1972,
Stumpe presented his proposed solution – a
capacitative touch screen with a fixed number of
programmable buttons presented on a display.
The screen was to consist of a set of capacitors
etched into a film of copper on a sheet of glass,
each capacitor being constructed so that a nearby
flat conductor, such as the surface of a finger,
would increase the capacity by a significant
amount. The capacitors were to consist of fine
lines etched in copper on a sheet of glass – fine
enough (80 μm) and sufficiently far apart (80 μm)
to be invisible (CERN Courier April 1974 p117). In
the final device, a simple lacquer coating
prevented the fingers from actually touching the
capacitors.
Multi-touch technology began in 1982, when the
University of Toronto's Input Research Group
developed the first human-input multi-touch
system. The system used a frosted-glass panel
with a camera placed behind the glass. When a
finger or several fingers pressed on the glass, the
camera would detect the action as one or more
black spots on an otherwise white background,
allowing it to be registered as an input. Since the
size of a dot was dependent on pressure (how
hard the person was pressing on the glass), the
system was somewhat pressure-sensitive as well.
In 1983, Bell Labs at Murray Hill published a
comprehensive discussion of touch-screen based
interfaces. In 1984, Bell Labs engineered a
touch screen that could change images with more
than one hand. In 1985, the University of Toronto
group including Bill Buxton developed a multi-
touch tablet that used capacitance rather than
bulky camera-based optical sensing systems.
A breakthrough occurred in 1991, when Pierre
Wellner published a paper on his multi-touch
“ Digital Desk”, which supported multi-finger and
pinching motions.
Various companies expanded upon these
inventions in the beginning of the twenty-first
century. The company Fingerworks developed
various multi-touch technologies between 2001
and 2005, including Touchstream keyboards and
the iGesture Pad. Several studies of this
technology were published in the early 2000s by
Alan Hedge, professor of human factors and
ergonomics at Cornell University.
Apple acquired Fingerworks and its multi-touch
technology in 2005. Mainstream exposure to
multi-touch technology occurred in 2007 when
the iPhone gained popularity, with Apple stating
they 'invented multi touch' as part of the iPhone
announcement, however both the function
and the term predate the announcement or
patent requests. Publication and demonstration
using the term Multi-touch by Jefferson Y. Han in
2005 predates these,[16] but Apple did give multi-
touch wider exposure through its association with
their new product and were the first to introduce
multi-touch on a mobile device. Microsoft's
table-top touch platform Microsoft Surface, which
started development in 2001, interacts with both
the users touch and their electronic devices.
Similarly, in 2001, Mitsubishi Electric Research
Laboratories (MERL) began development of a
multi-touch, multi-user system called
DiamondTouch, also based on capacitance but
able to differentiate between multiple
simultaneous users (or rather, the chairs in which
each user is seated or the floorpad the user is
standing on); the Diamondtouch became a
commercial product in 2008.
Small-scale touch devices are rapidly becoming
commonplace, with the amount of touch screen
telephones expected to increase from 200,000
shipped in 2006 to 21 million in 2012. More
robust and customizable multi-touch and gesture-
based solutions are beginning to become
available, with interfaces that register multiple
touch points and gestures.
Brands and manufacturers
A virtual keyboard on an iPad
There have been large companies in recent years
that have expanded into the growing multi-touch
industry, with systems designed for everything
from the casual user to multinational
organizations.
Laptop manufacturers have begun to include
multi-touch trackpads on their laptops, as well as
constructing tablet computers such as the iPad
that respond to touch input rather than
traditional stylus input. Synaptics has been a
major supplier and developer of multi-touch
technology for this market.
In the wake of the iPhone, several mobile phone
manufacturers have begun to replace traditional
push-button interfaces with multi-touch
interfaces on their handheld devices as well. So
far, such innovations are mostly restricted to the
higher-end smartphones used for web browsing
and computing in addition to phone-based
functions.
A few companies are focusing on large-scale
surface computing rather than personal
electronics, either large multi-touch tables or wall
surfaces. These systems are generally used by
government organizations, museums, and
companies as a means of information or exhibit
display.
Apple Inc. is the active holder of the trade mark
"Multi-touch" and is the final stages of getting
registration, and, correspondingly, lists
"Multi-Touch" on their page of trademarks.
Apple was also awarded a patent covering multi-
touch on 20 January 2009.
Software
Operating systems
Many recent operating systems support multi-
touch, including Mac OS X, Windows 7 and
Ubuntu (full support since version 10.10, partial
support in 10.04), Apple's iOS, Nokia's Symbian ^3
OS on the flagship model Nokia N8 & the Nokia
E7, Samsung's Bada, Google's Android, Palm's
webOS, Microsoft's Windows Phone 7, BlackBerry
OS 5.0 (on Storm models) and 6.0, Xandros.
Applications develop and design for
multitouch :
Microsoft Touch Pack for Windows 7:
Microsoft Blackboard is a physics puzzle game.
Microsoft Garden Pond is a game where you
move fish by tapping on the water.
Microsoft Rebound is a cool two-player ball
game. Reminds of flipper.
Microsoft Surface Collage lets you create a
collage of pictures by dragging, resizing and
rotating them on a canvas. The collage can then
be saved as a picture and be set as the
background.
Microsoft Surface Globe is Bing Maps 3D
(Virtual Earth 3D), but with multitouch input.
Microsoft Surface Lagoon is a screensaver that
lets you tap on the water to scare the fish.
Windows 7 built-in:
Panning is enabled “everywhere” where
scrollbars exist.
Paint support multi touch finger painting.
Hearts/Solitaire have been optimized for
multitouch.
Taskbar Jump Lists by dragging the icons
upwards.
Optimisation for multitouch in Windows Photo
Viewer and XPS Viewer and Windows Live
Photo Gallery
On-Screen Keyboard works with multitouch.
Internet Explorer 8 supports basic gestures
Other
EarthPlusPlus (Multitouch Google Earth)
Marine route navigation
BumpTop 3D Desktop
Fishbowl- offline Facebook from Microsoft.
Crazy Coins is an ATM that spits out money to
be collected by piggy banks
Firefox Browser with basic gestures support
(beginning with version Firefox 4)
Popular culture references
Pop culture has also portrayed potential uses of
multi-touch technology in the future, including
several installments of the Star Trek franchise.
The television series CSI: Miami introduced both
surface and wall multi-touch displays in its sixth
season. Another television series, NCIS: Los
Angeles make use of multitouch surfaces and wall
panels as an initiative to go digital. Another form
of a multi-touch computer was seen in the motion
picture, The Island, where the professor, played
by Sean Bean, has a multi-touch desktop to
organize files, based on an early version of
Microsoft Surface. Multitouch technology can
also be seen in the James Bond film, Quantum of
Solace, where MI6 uses a touch interface to
browse information about the criminal Dominic
Greene. In an episode of the popular TV series
The Simpsons, when Lisa Simpson travels to the
underwater headquarters of Apple Inc. to visit
Steve Jobs, the erstwhile pretender to the throne
of Mapple is shown to be performing multiple
multi-touch hand gestures on a large touch wall.
A device similar to the Surface was seen in the
1982 movie Tron. It took up an executive's entire
desk and was used to communicate with the
Master Control computer.
Friday, April 29, 2011
Fake Email: The Achilles Heel of Facebook Pages
Posted by Chris Gayomali
A loophole in one of Facebook's laxer policies has
been getting some unwanted shine in recent weeks:
for whatever their reasons, users have been able to
take down popular pages (like Ars Technica's)
using little more than a fake email address.
Read Write Web reports that the DMCA (Digital
Millennium Copyright Act) was originally intended
to protect copyrighted material that fails to qualify
under "fair use" -- content that basically has the
right to be freely distributed. However, trolly
Internet users of late have been able to pen letters
under fake email addresses, posing as the owners
of said copyrighted material when submitting
takedown complaints to Facebook.
But the main problem is that Facebook doesn't do
enough to verify the identities of the fakers in
question, who end up causing headaches for the
actual companies maintaining the pages. Though
they ask for a user's name, mailing address,
telephone, email and details, they don't do much to
double check if the information supplied is
legitimate or not.
This wouldn't be a problem if Facebook started
validating a complainant's email address (like: Hey, click this link we're emailing back to you... Thanks!)
But my guess is that with all these angry Internet
types waving pitchforks at Facebook's doorstep,
we'll begin seeing more rigorous identity-checking
measures soon.
In the meantime, you should Like our Facebook
page! Just please don't pretend to be us and have it
taken down...
A loophole in one of Facebook's laxer policies has
been getting some unwanted shine in recent weeks:
for whatever their reasons, users have been able to
take down popular pages (like Ars Technica's)
using little more than a fake email address.
Read Write Web reports that the DMCA (Digital
Millennium Copyright Act) was originally intended
to protect copyrighted material that fails to qualify
under "fair use" -- content that basically has the
right to be freely distributed. However, trolly
Internet users of late have been able to pen letters
under fake email addresses, posing as the owners
of said copyrighted material when submitting
takedown complaints to Facebook.
But the main problem is that Facebook doesn't do
enough to verify the identities of the fakers in
question, who end up causing headaches for the
actual companies maintaining the pages. Though
they ask for a user's name, mailing address,
telephone, email and details, they don't do much to
double check if the information supplied is
legitimate or not.
This wouldn't be a problem if Facebook started
validating a complainant's email address (like: Hey, click this link we're emailing back to you... Thanks!)
But my guess is that with all these angry Internet
types waving pitchforks at Facebook's doorstep,
we'll begin seeing more rigorous identity-checking
measures soon.
In the meantime, you should Like our Facebook
page! Just please don't pretend to be us and have it
taken down...
BLACK. PEOPLE, READ THIS
BLACK PEOPLE,
PLEASE, READ & HEED. POIGNANT!!!
The sad thing about this article is that the essence
of it is true. The truth hurts. I just hope this sets more Black people in motion towards making real progress.. Chris Rock, a Black comedian, even joked that Blacks don't read.
Help prove them wrong! Read and pass on.
Please Note:
For those of you who heard it, this is the article
Dee Lee was reading this morning on a New York radio station. For those of you who didn't hear it, this is very deep. This is a heavy piece and a Caucasian wrote it.
Dee Lee, CFP
Harvard Financial Educators
Dee Lee
THEY ARE STILL OUR SLAVES
We can continue to reap profits from the Blacks
without the effort of physical slavery. Look at the current methods of containment that they use on themselves: IGNORANCE, GREED, and SELFISHNESS.
Their IGNORANCE is the primary weapon of
containment. A great man once said, 'The best way to hide something from Black people is to put it in a book.'
We now live in the Information Age.. They have
gained the opportunity to read any book on any subject through the efforts of their fight for freedom, yet they refuse to read. There are numerous books readily available at Borders, Barnes &Noble, and *Amazon.com*
< http://amazon.com/>, not to mention their own Black Bookstores that provide solid blueprints to reach economic equality (which should have been their fight all along), but few read consistently, if at all..
GREED is another powerful weapon of
containment. Blacks, since the abolition of slavery, have had large amounts of money at their disposal. Last year they spent 10 billion dollars during Christmas, out of their 450 billion dollars in total yearly income (2.22%).
Any of us can use them as our target market, for
any business venture we care to dream up, no matter how outlandish, they will buy into it. Being primarily a consumer people, they function totally by greed. They continually want more, with little thought for saving or investing. They would rather buy some new sneaker than invest in starting a business.
Some even neglect their children to have the
latest Tommy or FUBU, And they still think that having a Mercedes, and a big house gives them 'Status' or that they have achieved their Dream. They are fools! The vast majority of their people are still in poverty because their greed holds them back from collectively making better communities. With the help of BET, and the rest of their black media that often broadcasts destructive images into their own homes, we will continue to see huge profits like those of Tommy and Nike.
(Tommy Hilfiger has even jeered them, saying he doesn't want their money, and look at how the fools spend more with him than ever before!). They'll continue to show off to each other while we build solid communities with the profits from our businesses that we market to them. SELFISHNESS, ingrained in their minds through slavery, is one of the major ways we can continue to contain them. One of their own, Dubois said that there was an innate division in their culture.. A 'Talented Tenth' he called it. He was correct in his deduction that there are segments of their culture that has achieved some 'form' of success.
However, that segment missed the fullness of his
work. They didn't read that the 'Talented Tenth' was then responsible to aid The Non-Talented Ninety Percent in achieving a better life.. Instead, that segment has created another class, a Buppie class that looks down on their people or aids them in a condescending manner. They will never achieve what we have.... Their selfishness does not allow them to be able to work together on any project or endeavor of substance. When they do get together, their selfishness let's their egos get in the way of their goal Their so-called help organizations seem to only want to promote their name without making any real change in their community.
They are content to sit in conferences and conventions in our hotels, and talk about what they will do, while they award plaques to the best speakers, not to the best doers. Is there no end to their selfishness? They steadfastly refuse to see that Together Each Achieves More (TEAM).
They do not understand that they are no better
than each other because of what they own, as a matter of fact, most of those Buppies are but one or two pay checks away from poverty. All of which is under the control of our pens in our offices and our rooms.
Yes, we will continue to contain them as long as
they refuse to read, continue to buy anything they want, and keep thinking they are 'helping' their communities by paying dues to organizations which do little other than hold lavish conventions in our hotels. By the way,
don't worry about any of them reading this letter, remember, 'THEY DON'T READ!!!!
(Prove them wrong. Please pass this on! After Reading
PLEASE, READ & HEED. POIGNANT!!!
The sad thing about this article is that the essence
of it is true. The truth hurts. I just hope this sets more Black people in motion towards making real progress.. Chris Rock, a Black comedian, even joked that Blacks don't read.
Help prove them wrong! Read and pass on.
Please Note:
For those of you who heard it, this is the article
Dee Lee was reading this morning on a New York radio station. For those of you who didn't hear it, this is very deep. This is a heavy piece and a Caucasian wrote it.
Dee Lee, CFP
Harvard Financial Educators
Dee Lee
THEY ARE STILL OUR SLAVES
We can continue to reap profits from the Blacks
without the effort of physical slavery. Look at the current methods of containment that they use on themselves: IGNORANCE, GREED, and SELFISHNESS.
Their IGNORANCE is the primary weapon of
containment. A great man once said, 'The best way to hide something from Black people is to put it in a book.'
We now live in the Information Age.. They have
gained the opportunity to read any book on any subject through the efforts of their fight for freedom, yet they refuse to read. There are numerous books readily available at Borders, Barnes &Noble, and *Amazon.com*
< http://amazon.com/>, not to mention their own Black Bookstores that provide solid blueprints to reach economic equality (which should have been their fight all along), but few read consistently, if at all..
GREED is another powerful weapon of
containment. Blacks, since the abolition of slavery, have had large amounts of money at their disposal. Last year they spent 10 billion dollars during Christmas, out of their 450 billion dollars in total yearly income (2.22%).
Any of us can use them as our target market, for
any business venture we care to dream up, no matter how outlandish, they will buy into it. Being primarily a consumer people, they function totally by greed. They continually want more, with little thought for saving or investing. They would rather buy some new sneaker than invest in starting a business.
Some even neglect their children to have the
latest Tommy or FUBU, And they still think that having a Mercedes, and a big house gives them 'Status' or that they have achieved their Dream. They are fools! The vast majority of their people are still in poverty because their greed holds them back from collectively making better communities. With the help of BET, and the rest of their black media that often broadcasts destructive images into their own homes, we will continue to see huge profits like those of Tommy and Nike.
(Tommy Hilfiger has even jeered them, saying he doesn't want their money, and look at how the fools spend more with him than ever before!). They'll continue to show off to each other while we build solid communities with the profits from our businesses that we market to them. SELFISHNESS, ingrained in their minds through slavery, is one of the major ways we can continue to contain them. One of their own, Dubois said that there was an innate division in their culture.. A 'Talented Tenth' he called it. He was correct in his deduction that there are segments of their culture that has achieved some 'form' of success.
However, that segment missed the fullness of his
work. They didn't read that the 'Talented Tenth' was then responsible to aid The Non-Talented Ninety Percent in achieving a better life.. Instead, that segment has created another class, a Buppie class that looks down on their people or aids them in a condescending manner. They will never achieve what we have.... Their selfishness does not allow them to be able to work together on any project or endeavor of substance. When they do get together, their selfishness let's their egos get in the way of their goal Their so-called help organizations seem to only want to promote their name without making any real change in their community.
They are content to sit in conferences and conventions in our hotels, and talk about what they will do, while they award plaques to the best speakers, not to the best doers. Is there no end to their selfishness? They steadfastly refuse to see that Together Each Achieves More (TEAM).
They do not understand that they are no better
than each other because of what they own, as a matter of fact, most of those Buppies are but one or two pay checks away from poverty. All of which is under the control of our pens in our offices and our rooms.
Yes, we will continue to contain them as long as
they refuse to read, continue to buy anything they want, and keep thinking they are 'helping' their communities by paying dues to organizations which do little other than hold lavish conventions in our hotels. By the way,
don't worry about any of them reading this letter, remember, 'THEY DON'T READ!!!!
(Prove them wrong. Please pass this on! After Reading
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
Sunday, April 24, 2011
Qualities of a Successful Leader by Napoleon Hill
Personal initiative heads the list of qualities a successful leader must possess. These qualities are:
Personal initiative
The adoption of a definite major purpose.
A motive to inspire continuous action in pursuit of a definite major purpose.
A master mind alliance through which you may acquire the power to attain your definite purpose.
Self-reliance in proportion to the scope and object of your major purpose.
Self-discipline sufficient to insure mastery of the head and the heart, and to sustain your motives until they have been realized.
Persistence, based on the will to win.
A well-developed imagination, controlled and directed.
The habit of reaching definite and prompt decisions.
The habit of basing opinions on known facts instead of relying on guesswork.
The habit of going the extra mile.
The capacity to generate enthusiasm at will, and to control it.
A well-developed sense of details.
The capacity to take criticism without resentment.
Familiarity with the ten basic motives that inspire all human action.
The capacity to concentrate your full attention upon one task at a time.
Willingness to accept full responsibility for the mistakes of subordinates.
The habit of recognizing the merits and abilities of others.
A positive mental attitude at all times.
The habit of assuming full responsibility for any job or task undertaken.
The capacity for applied faith.
Patience with subordinates and associates.
The habit of following through with any task once begun.
The habit of emphasizing thoroughness instead of speed.
Dependability, the only requirement of leadership that can be stated with one word – but no less important to success on that account.
There are qualities of minor importance which leadership in many fields of endeavor may require, but those listed above are on the must list of all able leaders. Measure any successful leader by the list and observe how many of the traits he applies, although he may do so unconsciously.
Source: PMA Science of Success Course. Pgs. 201-203.
Personal initiative
The adoption of a definite major purpose.
A motive to inspire continuous action in pursuit of a definite major purpose.
A master mind alliance through which you may acquire the power to attain your definite purpose.
Self-reliance in proportion to the scope and object of your major purpose.
Self-discipline sufficient to insure mastery of the head and the heart, and to sustain your motives until they have been realized.
Persistence, based on the will to win.
A well-developed imagination, controlled and directed.
The habit of reaching definite and prompt decisions.
The habit of basing opinions on known facts instead of relying on guesswork.
The habit of going the extra mile.
The capacity to generate enthusiasm at will, and to control it.
A well-developed sense of details.
The capacity to take criticism without resentment.
Familiarity with the ten basic motives that inspire all human action.
The capacity to concentrate your full attention upon one task at a time.
Willingness to accept full responsibility for the mistakes of subordinates.
The habit of recognizing the merits and abilities of others.
A positive mental attitude at all times.
The habit of assuming full responsibility for any job or task undertaken.
The capacity for applied faith.
Patience with subordinates and associates.
The habit of following through with any task once begun.
The habit of emphasizing thoroughness instead of speed.
Dependability, the only requirement of leadership that can be stated with one word – but no less important to success on that account.
There are qualities of minor importance which leadership in many fields of endeavor may require, but those listed above are on the must list of all able leaders. Measure any successful leader by the list and observe how many of the traits he applies, although he may do so unconsciously.
Source: PMA Science of Success Course. Pgs. 201-203.
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